Political Modernization and Sustainable Development in Jordan: Governance Reform, Participation, and Institutional Transformation, 2021–2023

This study examines the role of political modernization in advancing sustainable development in Jordan during the period 2021–2023. It focuses on the relationship between political reform, institutional development, public participation, and the achievement of sustainable development goals. The study argues that Jordan’s political modernization process, launched in 2021, represents an important stage in reforming the mechanisms of political management, strengthening the rule of law, and promoting the national interest as a central priority in development planning. The analysis shows that the constitutional amendments of 2022, together with the new political parties and election laws, contributed to reshaping the political environment by encouraging broader political participation, supporting the development of program-based political parties, and reinforcing the principles of citizenship, equality, social justice, and equal opportunity. The study also highlights the significance of these reforms in enhancing the participation of women and youth in political and public life, strengthening institutional governance, and promoting a more inclusive decision-making process. These developments are considered essential for improving the capacity of the Jordanian state to pursue sustainable development, particularly in relation to political stability, social inclusion, economic participation, and balanced development among governorates. The study concludes that political modernization can contribute to sustainable development when it is accompanied by effective implementation, public awareness, institutional accountability, and policies that reduce regional development disparities. It recommends adopting national awareness programs on political modernization, strengthening civic and political education, and implementing comprehensive development programs that improve quality of life in rural and remote areas, thereby supporting Jordan’s progress toward sustainable development.