Writing and Formatting

Manuscripts must be written in clear, concise, and academically appropriate language. Authors should ensure logical flow, coherence between sections, and adherence to scholarly writing conventions. The text must maintain an objective tone and avoid informal expressions.

Manuscripts may be submitted in Arabic or English using formal academic language. Consistency in terminology and style must be maintained throughout the manuscript. Non-standard abbreviations should be minimized and defined at first mention.

• 12-point font size for main text

• 14-point bold for main headings

• 12-point bold for subheadings

• 12-point bold for table and figure titles

• 11-point font for table content

• First-line indentation for all paragraphs

• Clear academic layout and alignment

• Arabic manuscripts: Calibri (Optional)

• English manuscripts: Mongolian Baiti (Optional)

• Word limit: 4,000–8,000 words (including references)

• Self-citations: maximum 20%

• Title length: maximum 20 words

• Abstract length: 150–300 words

• APA 7th Edition referencing style

• Standard formatting requirements as defined above

• Abstract in Arabic and English

• Must include purpose, methodology, results, and conclusions

• No citations preferred

• Keywords: 3–7 in both languages

Tables and figures must be clearly labeled and placed close to their first citation in the text. Each must include a descriptive title and consistent formatting. Explanatory notes should be placed below tables or figures when necessary.

The manuscript must follow a clear, concise, and internationally recognized academic structure. Sections should be logically organized with appropriate hierarchy of headings and minimal paragraph length to ensure readability and scientific clarity.

Standard Manuscript Structure

1. Title

2. Abstract and Keywords

3. Introduction

4. Literature Review (optional)

5. Problem Statement / Research Gap

6. Objectives and Significance

7. Methodology

8. Results

9. Discussion

10. Conclusion and Recommendations

11. Acknowledgments (optional)

12. Ethics Statement (if applicable)

13. Data Availability Statement

14. Funding Statement

15. Conflict of Interest

16. Author Contributions

17. Consent for Publication (if applicable)

18. References (APA 7th Edition)

Educational Sciences / Applied Linguistics (Enhanced Structure)

For empirical studies in Educational Sciences and Applied Linguistics, the methodology section must be more detailed and clearly reported, including:

• Research Design

• Variables (Independent / Dependent / Controlled)

• Population and Sample

• Research Instruments

• Validity and Reliability

• Data Collection Procedures

• Statistical Analysis Techniques

All in-text citations and reference entries must strictly follow APA 7th Edition guidelines. Consistency, accuracy, and full alignment between in-text citations and the reference list are mandatory.

References (APA 7th Edition Requirements)

The reference list must adhere to the following standards:

• Arranged in alphabetical order by author surname

• Use hanging indent format for all entries

• Italicize titles of books, journals, and other standalone works

• Include DOI or URL whenever available

• Follow standard APA capitalization rules (sentence case for article/book titles)

In-Text Citation Style

• Parenthetical format: (Author, Year)

• Narrative format: Author (Year)

• Two authors: use & in parenthetical citations

• Three or more authors: use et al. from first citation

• Special citation rules apply for religious, legal, and historical sources

Reference Types and Formats

1. The Qur’an

Format:
Title of the Qur’an (Year). Publisher.

Example:
The Holy Qur’an (1993). Tahrike Tarsile Qur’an.

2. Qur’anic Verses

Format:
Title of the Qur’an (Year, Surah: Ayah). Publisher.

Example:
The Holy Qur’an (1993, 2:255). Tahrike Tarsile Qur’an.

3. Hadith (Prophetic Traditions)

Format:
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of hadith collection. In Title of collection (Vol. X, pp. xx–xx). Publisher.

Example:
Al-Bukhari, M. I. (1997). The collection of authentic hadith: Sahih Al-Bukhari. Dar-us-Salam Publications.

4. Book

Format:
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work: Subtitle. Publisher.

Example:
Smith, J. A. (2020). Understanding psychology: An introduction. Psychology Press

5. Journal Article

Format:
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Journal Title, Volume(Issue), xx–xx. https://doi.org/xxxxx

Example:
Brown, L. B., & Green, T. R. (2021). The impact of social media on communication. Journal of Communication Studies, 45(3), 234–245. https://doi.org/10.1234/jcs.2021.4567

6. Doctoral Thesis

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of dissertation (Doctoral dissertation). Institution. URL

7. Master’s Thesis

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of thesis (Master’s thesis). Institution. URL

8. Symposium Article

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of paper. In E. Editor (Ed.), Proceedings title (pp. xx–xx). Publisher.

9. Conference Paper

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of paper. In E. Editor (Ed.), Conference proceedings (pp. xx–xx). Publisher.

10. Government Report

Agency Name. (Year). Title of report (Report No. xxx). URL

11. Institutional Publication

Institution Name. (Year). Title of document. URL

12. Report / Document

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of document. Publisher. URL

13. Laws

Name of Law, Volume Source § Section (Year). URL

14. Court Rulings

Case Name, Volume Reporter Page (Court Year). URL

15. Local / State Laws

Name of Law, Statute Number (Year). URL

16. Website

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of page. Website Name. URL

17. Blog Post

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of post. Blog Name. URL

18. YouTube Video

Author, A. A. [Username]. (Year, Month Day). Title [Video]. YouTube. URL

19. Tweet / X Post

Author, A. A. [Username]. (Year, Month Day). Content [Tweet]. X. URL

In-Text Citation Guidelines

General Format

• Parenthetical: (Author, Year)

• Narrative: Author (Year)

By Number of Authors

• One author: (Al-Zaydi, 2020)

• Two authors: (Al-Zaydi & Al-Saeed, 2021)

• Three or more: (Al-Zaydi et al., 2022)

Electronic Sources

• With author/date: same APA format

• Without author: use shortened title

• (“Education in the Arab World,” 2019)

Religious Sources

Qur’an:
(Qur’an, Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:5)

Hadith:
(Al-Bukhari, Hadith No. 123)

Authors are responsible for originality, clarity, and consistency in terminology, formatting, and referencing throughout the manuscript.